What does the prefix “ál-” mean in Hungarian?

Az álruhás herceg és a bátor hercegnő

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B1 Hungarian listening practice · Hungarian · Picked for people who know some

💡 Did you know?
álruha
Hungarian word-building (the ál- prefix)
Disguise“ — literally ”false clothing.

When the prince goes undercover, he puts on an álruha — a “disguise,” built from ál- (“false, fake, pseudo-”) plus ruha (“clothing”). The prefix ál- is a productive little factory for fakery: attach it to almost any noun to mean a counterfeit version of that thing. Learn ál- once and a whole shelf of “fake-X” words suddenly becomes readable on sight.

The same prefix gives álarc (“false-face,” a mask), álnév (“false-name,” a pseudonym or alias), álhír (“fake news”), and áldoktor (a quack, a “false doctor”). The adjective from álruha is álruhás, “disguised, in disguise,” as in the reel’s title. Note: ál- (false) is unrelated to áll (“to stand”) despite looking similar.

How common are the words?

How common are the words in this B1 Hungarian listening practice video?

88.8%
of words are in the top 2,000 most common Hungarian words
Most of the words in this video are common Hungarian words.

How common in written Hungarian

83.9%
Top 1,000
88.8%
Top 2,000
96.6%
Top 5,000

How common in spoken Hungarian

90.6%
Top 1,000
98.1%
Top 2,000
100%
Top 5,000
👄 Words for talking
This video uses words people often say in Hungarian.

Harder words in this video

These words are harder than B1. Here is what they mean.

felség
6×
Not in top 5,000People say this a lot
(formal) Your Majesty
bűbáj
3×
Not in top 5,000
charm
lázadásról
3×
Not in top 5,000
about rebellion
szerelmet tudunk varázsolni
1×
we can create love magically

Source: wordfreq 3.1.1 (general) · OpenSubtitles 2018 (HermitDave) (spoken). These numbers are close, not perfect.

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