What does “parmiciana” mean in Italian?

Parmigiana may have nothing to do with Parma or parmigiano cheese. One Sicilian theory traces the name to parmiciana, the Sicilian word for the overlapping wooden slats of a shutter (the persiana). Stacked one over another, those slats look just like layered eggplant and sauce — so the dish would be named for how it’s built, not where it’s from or what cheese is in it.

It’s one of several competing origin stories. Standard Italian persiana means a louvred window shutter, and its slats are the listelli of a tapparella — exactly the image the Sicilian etymology leans on. Rival theories point instead to Parma (alla parmigiana, “in the Parma style”), to the Sicilian damigiana (a wicker-wrapped flask), or to petronciana, an old word for eggplant of Persian origin. None is settled, but the shutter-slat reading is the most vivid: next time you layer a parmigiana, you’re stacking parmiciana.