Поздравление с днём рождения для Симпы
A1 Russian listening practice · Russian · Curated for beginners
Why do Russians say “с днём рождения” for happy birthday?
С днём рождения! is “happy birthday,” but word for word it says “with the day of birth.” The full sentence is поздравляю с днём рождения, “I congratulate you on your birthday”; Russians drop поздравляю and keep the с. The same frame gives every holiday greeting: с Новым годом!, с праздником!
After с the noun goes into the instrumental: день → днём, Новый год → Новым годом. Birthday wishes often go on with пусть..., “may...”: this one says пусть неудачи стороною обходят тебя, “may bad luck pass you by.”
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Source: wordfreq 3.1.1 (general) · OpenSubtitles 2018 (HermitDave) (spoken). Buckets approximate; exact ranks not stored.